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1   /*
2    * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
3    *
4    * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
5    * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
6    * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
7    *
8    *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9    *
10   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
12   * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
13   * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
14   * under the License.
15   */
16  package org.jboss.netty.handler.timeout;
17  
18  import static org.jboss.netty.channel.Channels.*;
19  
20  import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
21  
22  import org.jboss.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
23  import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channel;
24  import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
25  import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandler.Sharable;
26  import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
27  import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
28  import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineFactory;
29  import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelStateEvent;
30  import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channels;
31  import org.jboss.netty.channel.LifeCycleAwareChannelHandler;
32  import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
33  import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler;
34  import org.jboss.netty.channel.WriteCompletionEvent;
35  import org.jboss.netty.util.ExternalResourceReleasable;
36  import org.jboss.netty.util.HashedWheelTimer;
37  import org.jboss.netty.util.Timeout;
38  import org.jboss.netty.util.Timer;
39  import org.jboss.netty.util.TimerTask;
40  
41  /**
42   * Triggers an {@link IdleStateEvent} when a {@link Channel} has not performed
43   * read, write, or both operation for a while.
44   *
45   * <h3>Supported idle states</h3>
46   * <table border="1">
47   * <tr>
48   * <th>Property</th><th>Meaning</th>
49   * </tr>
50   * <tr>
51   * <td>{@code readerIdleTime}</td>
52   * <td>an {@link IdleStateEvent} whose state is {@link IdleState#READER_IDLE}
53   *     will be triggered when no read was performed for the specified period of
54   *     time.  Specify {@code 0} to disable.</td>
55   * </tr>
56   * <tr>
57   * <td>{@code writerIdleTime}</td>
58   * <td>an {@link IdleStateEvent} whose state is {@link IdleState#WRITER_IDLE}
59   *     will be triggered when no write was performed for the specified period of
60   *     time.  Specify {@code 0} to disable.</td>
61   * </tr>
62   * <tr>
63   * <td>{@code allIdleTime}</td>
64   * <td>an {@link IdleStateEvent} whose state is {@link IdleState#ALL_IDLE}
65   *     will be triggered when neither read nor write was performed for the
66   *     specified period of time.  Specify {@code 0} to disable.</td>
67   * </tr>
68   * </table>
69   *
70   * <pre>
71   * // An example that sends a ping message when there is no outbound traffic
72   * // for 30 seconds.  The connection is closed when there is no inbound traffic
73   * // for 60 seconds.
74   *
75   * public class MyPipelineFactory implements {@link ChannelPipelineFactory} {
76   *
77   *     private final {@link Timer} timer;
78   *     private final {@link ChannelHandler} idleStateHandler;
79   *
80   *     public MyPipelineFactory({@link Timer} timer) {
81   *         this.timer = timer;
82   *         this.idleStateHandler = <b>new {@link IdleStateHandler}(timer, 60, 30, 0), // timer must be shared.</b>
83   *     }
84   *
85   *     public {@link ChannelPipeline} getPipeline() {
86   *         return {@link Channels}.pipeline(
87   *             idleStateHandler,
88   *             new MyHandler());
89   *     }
90   * }
91   *
92   * // Handler should handle the {@link IdleStateEvent} triggered by {@link IdleStateHandler}.
93   * public class MyHandler extends {@link IdleStateAwareChannelHandler} {
94   *
95   *     {@code @Override}
96   *     public void channelIdle({@link ChannelHandlerContext} ctx, {@link IdleStateEvent} e) {
97   *         if (e.getState() == {@link IdleState}.READER_IDLE) {
98   *             e.getChannel().close();
99   *         } else if (e.getState() == {@link IdleState}.WRITER_IDLE) {
100  *             e.getChannel().write(new PingMessage());
101  *         }
102  *     }
103  * }
104  *
105  * {@link ServerBootstrap} bootstrap = ...;
106  * {@link Timer} timer = new {@link HashedWheelTimer}();
107  * ...
108  * bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new MyPipelineFactory(timer));
109  * ...
110  * </pre>
111  *
112  * The {@link Timer} which was specified when the {@link IdleStateHandler} is
113  * created should be stopped manually by calling {@link #releaseExternalResources()}
114  * or {@link Timer#stop()} when your application shuts down.
115  * @see ReadTimeoutHandler
116  * @see WriteTimeoutHandler
117  *
118  * @apiviz.landmark
119  * @apiviz.uses org.jboss.netty.util.HashedWheelTimer
120  * @apiviz.has org.jboss.netty.handler.timeout.IdleStateEvent oneway - - triggers
121  */
122 @Sharable
123 public class IdleStateHandler extends SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler
124                              implements LifeCycleAwareChannelHandler,
125                                         ExternalResourceReleasable {
126 
127     final Timer timer;
128 
129     final long readerIdleTimeMillis;
130     final long writerIdleTimeMillis;
131     final long allIdleTimeMillis;
132 
133     /**
134      * Creates a new instance.
135      *
136      * @param timer
137      *        the {@link Timer} that is used to trigger the scheduled event.
138      *        The recommended {@link Timer} implementation is {@link HashedWheelTimer}.
139      * @param readerIdleTimeSeconds
140      *        an {@link IdleStateEvent} whose state is {@link IdleState#READER_IDLE}
141      *        will be triggered when no read was performed for the specified
142      *        period of time.  Specify {@code 0} to disable.
143      * @param writerIdleTimeSeconds
144      *        an {@link IdleStateEvent} whose state is {@link IdleState#WRITER_IDLE}
145      *        will be triggered when no write was performed for the specified
146      *        period of time.  Specify {@code 0} to disable.
147      * @param allIdleTimeSeconds
148      *        an {@link IdleStateEvent} whose state is {@link IdleState#ALL_IDLE}
149      *        will be triggered when neither read nor write was performed for
150      *        the specified period of time.  Specify {@code 0} to disable.
151      */
152     public IdleStateHandler(
153             Timer timer,
154             int readerIdleTimeSeconds,
155             int writerIdleTimeSeconds,
156             int allIdleTimeSeconds) {
157 
158         this(timer,
159              readerIdleTimeSeconds, writerIdleTimeSeconds, allIdleTimeSeconds,
160              TimeUnit.SECONDS);
161     }
162 
163     /**
164      * Creates a new instance.
165      *
166      * @param timer
167      *        the {@link Timer} that is used to trigger the scheduled event.
168      *        The recommended {@link Timer} implementation is {@link HashedWheelTimer}.
169      * @param readerIdleTime
170      *        an {@link IdleStateEvent} whose state is {@link IdleState#READER_IDLE}
171      *        will be triggered when no read was performed for the specified
172      *        period of time.  Specify {@code 0} to disable.
173      * @param writerIdleTime
174      *        an {@link IdleStateEvent} whose state is {@link IdleState#WRITER_IDLE}
175      *        will be triggered when no write was performed for the specified
176      *        period of time.  Specify {@code 0} to disable.
177      * @param allIdleTime
178      *        an {@link IdleStateEvent} whose state is {@link IdleState#ALL_IDLE}
179      *        will be triggered when neither read nor write was performed for
180      *        the specified period of time.  Specify {@code 0} to disable.
181      * @param unit
182      *        the {@link TimeUnit} of {@code readerIdleTime},
183      *        {@code writeIdleTime}, and {@code allIdleTime}
184      */
185     public IdleStateHandler(
186             Timer timer,
187             long readerIdleTime, long writerIdleTime, long allIdleTime,
188             TimeUnit unit) {
189 
190         if (timer == null) {
191             throw new NullPointerException("timer");
192         }
193         if (unit == null) {
194             throw new NullPointerException("unit");
195         }
196 
197         this.timer = timer;
198         if (readerIdleTime <= 0) {
199             readerIdleTimeMillis = 0;
200         } else {
201             readerIdleTimeMillis = Math.max(unit.toMillis(readerIdleTime), 1);
202         }
203         if (writerIdleTime <= 0) {
204             writerIdleTimeMillis = 0;
205         } else {
206             writerIdleTimeMillis = Math.max(unit.toMillis(writerIdleTime), 1);
207         }
208         if (allIdleTime <= 0) {
209             allIdleTimeMillis = 0;
210         } else {
211             allIdleTimeMillis = Math.max(unit.toMillis(allIdleTime), 1);
212         }
213     }
214 
215     /**
216      * Return the readerIdleTime that was given when instance this class in milliseconds.
217      *
218      */
219     public long getReaderIdleTimeInMillis() {
220         return readerIdleTimeMillis;
221     }
222 
223     /**
224      * Return the writerIdleTime that was given when instance this class in milliseconds.
225      *
226      */
227     public long getWriterIdleTimeInMillis() {
228         return writerIdleTimeMillis;
229     }
230 
231     /**
232      * Return the allIdleTime that was given when instance this class in milliseconds.
233      *
234      */
235     public long getAllIdleTimeInMillis() {
236         return allIdleTimeMillis;
237     }
238 
239     /**
240      * Stops the {@link Timer} which was specified in the constructor of this
241      * handler.  You should not call this method if the {@link Timer} is in use
242      * by other objects.
243      */
244     public void releaseExternalResources() {
245         timer.stop();
246     }
247 
248     public void beforeAdd(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
249         if (ctx.getPipeline().isAttached()) {
250             // channelOpen event has been fired already, which means
251             // this.channelOpen() will not be invoked.
252             // We have to initialize here instead.
253             initialize(ctx);
254         } else {
255             // channelOpen event has not been fired yet.
256             // this.channelOpen() will be invoked and initialization will occur there.
257         }
258     }
259 
260     public void afterAdd(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
261         // NOOP
262     }
263 
264     public void beforeRemove(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
265         destroy(ctx);
266     }
267 
268     public void afterRemove(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
269         // NOOP
270     }
271 
272     @Override
273     public void channelOpen(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e)
274             throws Exception {
275         // This method will be invoked only if this handler was added
276         // before channelOpen event is fired.  If a user adds this handler
277         // after the channelOpen event, initialize() will be called by beforeAdd().
278         initialize(ctx);
279         ctx.sendUpstream(e);
280     }
281 
282     @Override
283     public void channelClosed(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e)
284             throws Exception {
285         destroy(ctx);
286         ctx.sendUpstream(e);
287     }
288 
289     @Override
290     public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e)
291             throws Exception {
292         State state = (State) ctx.getAttachment();
293         state.lastReadTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
294         ctx.sendUpstream(e);
295     }
296 
297     @Override
298     public void writeComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, WriteCompletionEvent e)
299             throws Exception {
300         if (e.getWrittenAmount() > 0) {
301             State state = (State) ctx.getAttachment();
302             state.lastWriteTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
303         }
304         ctx.sendUpstream(e);
305     }
306 
307     private void initialize(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
308         State state = state(ctx);
309 
310         // Avoid the case where destroy() is called before scheduling timeouts.
311         // See: https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/143
312         synchronized (state) {
313             switch (state.state) {
314             case 1:
315             case 2:
316                 return;
317             }
318             state.state = 1;
319         }
320 
321         state.lastReadTime = state.lastWriteTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
322         if (readerIdleTimeMillis > 0) {
323             state.readerIdleTimeout = timer.newTimeout(
324                     new ReaderIdleTimeoutTask(ctx),
325                     readerIdleTimeMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
326         }
327         if (writerIdleTimeMillis > 0) {
328             state.writerIdleTimeout = timer.newTimeout(
329                     new WriterIdleTimeoutTask(ctx),
330                     writerIdleTimeMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
331         }
332         if (allIdleTimeMillis > 0) {
333             state.allIdleTimeout = timer.newTimeout(
334                     new AllIdleTimeoutTask(ctx),
335                     allIdleTimeMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
336         }
337     }
338 
339     private static void destroy(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
340         State state = state(ctx);
341         synchronized (state) {
342             if (state.state != 1) {
343                 return;
344             }
345             state.state = 2;
346         }
347 
348         if (state.readerIdleTimeout != null) {
349             state.readerIdleTimeout.cancel();
350             state.readerIdleTimeout = null;
351         }
352         if (state.writerIdleTimeout != null) {
353             state.writerIdleTimeout.cancel();
354             state.writerIdleTimeout = null;
355         }
356         if (state.allIdleTimeout != null) {
357             state.allIdleTimeout.cancel();
358             state.allIdleTimeout = null;
359         }
360     }
361 
362     private static State state(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
363         State state;
364         synchronized (ctx) {
365             // FIXME: It could have been better if there is setAttachmentIfAbsent().
366             state = (State) ctx.getAttachment();
367             if (state != null) {
368                 return state;
369             }
370             state = new State();
371             ctx.setAttachment(state);
372         }
373         return state;
374     }
375 
376     private void fireChannelIdle(
377             final ChannelHandlerContext ctx, final IdleState state, final long lastActivityTimeMillis) {
378        ctx.getPipeline().execute(new Runnable() {
379 
380             public void run() {
381                 try {
382                     channelIdle(ctx, state, lastActivityTimeMillis);
383                 } catch (Throwable t) {
384                     fireExceptionCaught(ctx, t);
385                 }
386             }
387         });
388     }
389 
390     protected void channelIdle(
391             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, IdleState state, long lastActivityTimeMillis) throws Exception {
392         ctx.sendUpstream(new DefaultIdleStateEvent(ctx.getChannel(), state, lastActivityTimeMillis));
393     }
394 
395     private final class ReaderIdleTimeoutTask implements TimerTask {
396 
397         private final ChannelHandlerContext ctx;
398 
399         ReaderIdleTimeoutTask(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
400             this.ctx = ctx;
401         }
402 
403         public void run(Timeout timeout) throws Exception {
404             if (timeout.isCancelled() || !ctx.getChannel().isOpen()) {
405                 return;
406             }
407 
408             State state = (State) ctx.getAttachment();
409             long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
410             long lastReadTime = state.lastReadTime;
411             long nextDelay = readerIdleTimeMillis - (currentTime - lastReadTime);
412             if (nextDelay <= 0) {
413                 // Reader is idle - set a new timeout and notify the callback.
414                 state.readerIdleTimeout =
415                     timer.newTimeout(this, readerIdleTimeMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
416                 fireChannelIdle(ctx, IdleState.READER_IDLE, lastReadTime);
417             } else {
418                 // Read occurred before the timeout - set a new timeout with shorter delay.
419                 state.readerIdleTimeout =
420                     timer.newTimeout(this, nextDelay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
421             }
422         }
423 
424     }
425 
426     private final class WriterIdleTimeoutTask implements TimerTask {
427 
428         private final ChannelHandlerContext ctx;
429 
430         WriterIdleTimeoutTask(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
431             this.ctx = ctx;
432         }
433 
434         public void run(Timeout timeout) throws Exception {
435             if (timeout.isCancelled() || !ctx.getChannel().isOpen()) {
436                 return;
437             }
438 
439             State state = (State) ctx.getAttachment();
440             long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
441             long lastWriteTime = state.lastWriteTime;
442             long nextDelay = writerIdleTimeMillis - (currentTime - lastWriteTime);
443             if (nextDelay <= 0) {
444                 // Writer is idle - set a new timeout and notify the callback.
445                 state.writerIdleTimeout =
446                     timer.newTimeout(this, writerIdleTimeMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
447                 fireChannelIdle(ctx, IdleState.WRITER_IDLE, lastWriteTime);
448             } else {
449                 // Write occurred before the timeout - set a new timeout with shorter delay.
450                 state.writerIdleTimeout =
451                     timer.newTimeout(this, nextDelay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
452             }
453         }
454     }
455 
456     private final class AllIdleTimeoutTask implements TimerTask {
457 
458         private final ChannelHandlerContext ctx;
459 
460         AllIdleTimeoutTask(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
461             this.ctx = ctx;
462         }
463 
464         public void run(Timeout timeout) throws Exception {
465             if (timeout.isCancelled() || !ctx.getChannel().isOpen()) {
466                 return;
467             }
468 
469             State state = (State) ctx.getAttachment();
470             long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
471             long lastIoTime = Math.max(state.lastReadTime, state.lastWriteTime);
472             long nextDelay = allIdleTimeMillis - (currentTime - lastIoTime);
473             if (nextDelay <= 0) {
474                 // Both reader and writer are idle - set a new timeout and
475                 // notify the callback.
476                 state.allIdleTimeout =
477                     timer.newTimeout(this, allIdleTimeMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
478                 fireChannelIdle(ctx, IdleState.ALL_IDLE, lastIoTime);
479             } else {
480                 // Either read or write occurred before the timeout - set a new
481                 // timeout with shorter delay.
482                 state.allIdleTimeout =
483                     timer.newTimeout(this, nextDelay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
484             }
485         }
486     }
487 
488     private static final class State {
489         // 0 - none, 1 - initialized, 2 - destroyed
490         int state;
491 
492         volatile Timeout readerIdleTimeout;
493         volatile long lastReadTime;
494 
495         volatile Timeout writerIdleTimeout;
496         volatile long lastWriteTime;
497 
498         volatile Timeout allIdleTimeout;
499 
500         State() {
501         }
502     }
503 }