/*
    * Copyright 2024 The Netty Project
    *
    * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
    * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
    * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
    *
    *   https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
   * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
   * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
   * under the License.
   */
  package io.netty.channel.uring;
  
  import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
  import java.lang.invoke.VarHandle;
  import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
  import java.nio.ByteOrder;
  import java.util.StringJoiner;
  
  /**
   * Completion queue implementation for io_uring.
   */
  final class CompletionQueue {
      private static final VarHandle INT_HANDLE =
              MethodHandles.byteBufferViewVarHandle(int[].class, ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
  
      //these offsets are used to access specific properties
      //CQE (https://github.com/axboe/liburing/blob/master/src/include/liburing/io_uring.h#L162)
      private static final int CQE_USER_DATA_FIELD = 0;
      private static final int CQE_RES_FIELD = 8;
      private static final int CQE_FLAGS_FIELD = 12;
  
      //these unsigned integer pointers(shared with the kernel) will be changed by the kernel and us
      // using a VarHandle.
      private final ByteBuffer khead;
      private final ByteBuffer ktail;
      private final ByteBuffer kflags;
      private final ByteBuffer completionQueueArray;
      private final ByteBuffer[] extraCqeData;
  
      final int ringSize;
      final long ringAddress;
      final int ringFd;
      final int ringEntries;
      final int ringCapacity;
      private final int cqeLength;
  
      private final int ringMask;
      private int ringHead;
      private boolean closed;
  
      CompletionQueue(ByteBuffer kHead, ByteBuffer kTail, int ringMask, int ringEntries, ByteBuffer kflags,
                      ByteBuffer completionQueueArray, int ringSize, long ringAddress,
                      int ringFd, int ringCapacity, int cqeLength) {
          this.khead = kHead;
          this.ktail = kTail;
          this.completionQueueArray = completionQueueArray;
          this.ringSize = ringSize;
          this.ringAddress = ringAddress;
          this.ringFd = ringFd;
          this.ringCapacity = ringCapacity;
          this.cqeLength = cqeLength;
          this.ringEntries = ringEntries;
          this.kflags = kflags;
          this.ringMask = ringMask;
          ringHead = (int) INT_HANDLE.getVolatile(kHead, 0);
  
          if (cqeLength == Native.CQE32_SIZE) {
              // Let's create the slices up front to reduce GC-pressure and also ensure that the user
              // can not escape the memory range.
              this.extraCqeData = new ByteBuffer[ringEntries];
              for (int i = 0; i < ringEntries; i++) {
                  int position = i * cqeLength + Native.CQE_SIZE;
                  completionQueueArray.position(position).limit(position + Native.CQE_SIZE);
                  extraCqeData[i] = completionQueueArray.slice();
                  completionQueueArray.clear();
              }
              completionQueueArray.clear();
          } else {
              assert cqeLength == Native.CQE_SIZE;
              this.extraCqeData = null;
          }
      }
  
      void close() {
          closed = true;
      }
  
      int flags() {
          if (closed) {
              return 0;
          }
          // we only need memory_order_relaxed
          return (int) INT_HANDLE.getOpaque(kflags, 0);
      }
 
     /**
      * Returns {@code true} if any completion event is ready to be processed by
      * {@link #process(CompletionCallback)}, {@code false} otherwise.
      */
     boolean hasCompletions() {
         return !closed && ringHead != (int) INT_HANDLE.getVolatile(ktail, 0);
     }
 
     int count() {
         if (closed) {
             return 0;
         }
         return (int) INT_HANDLE.getVolatile(ktail, 0) - ringHead;
     }
 
     /**
      * Process the completion events in the {@link CompletionQueue} and return the number of processed
      * events.
      */
     int process(CompletionCallback callback) {
         if (closed) {
             return 0;
         }
         int tail = (int) INT_HANDLE.getVolatile(ktail, 0);
         try {
             int i = 0;
             while (ringHead != tail) {
                 int cqeIdx = cqeIdx(ringHead, ringMask);
                 int cqePosition = cqeIdx *  cqeLength;
 
                 long udata = completionQueueArray.getLong(cqePosition + CQE_USER_DATA_FIELD);
                 int res = completionQueueArray.getInt(cqePosition + CQE_RES_FIELD);
                 int flags = completionQueueArray.getInt(cqePosition + CQE_FLAGS_FIELD);
 
                 ringHead++;
 
                 i++;
                 if (!callback.handle(res, flags, udata, extraCqeData(cqeIdx))) {
                     // Stop processing. as the callback can not handle any more completions for now,
                     break;
                 }
                 if (ringHead == tail) {
                     // Let's fetch the tail one more time as it might have changed because a completion might have
                     // triggered a submission (io_uring_enter). This can happen as we automatically submit once we
                     // run out of space in the submission queue.
                     tail = (int) INT_HANDLE.getVolatile(ktail, 0);
                 }
             }
             return i;
         } finally {
             // Ensure that the kernel only sees the new value of the head index after the CQEs have been read.
             INT_HANDLE.setRelease(khead, 0, ringHead);
         }
     }
 
     private ByteBuffer extraCqeData(int cqeIdx) {
         if (extraCqeData == null) {
             return null;
         }
         ByteBuffer buffer = extraCqeData[cqeIdx];
         buffer.clear();
         return buffer;
     }
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         StringJoiner sb = new StringJoiner(", ", "CompletionQueue [", "]");
         if (closed) {
             sb.add("closed");
         } else {
             int tail = (int) INT_HANDLE.getVolatile(ktail, 0);
             int head = ringHead;
             while (head != tail) {
                 int cqePosition = cqeIdx(head++, ringMask) * cqeLength;
                 long udata = completionQueueArray.getLong(cqePosition + CQE_USER_DATA_FIELD);
                 int res = completionQueueArray.getInt(cqePosition + CQE_RES_FIELD);
                 int flags = completionQueueArray.getInt(cqePosition + CQE_FLAGS_FIELD);
 
                 sb.add("(res=" + res).add(", flags=" + flags).add(", udata=" + udata).add(")");
             }
         }
         return sb.toString();
     }
 
     private static int cqeIdx(int ringHead, int ringMask) {
         return ringHead & ringMask;
     }
 }