/*
    * Copyright 2015 The Netty Project
    *
    * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License, version 2.0 (the
    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a
    * copy of the License at:
    *
    * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License
   * is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
   * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
   * the License.
   */
  package io.netty.handler.codec.http2;
  
  import java.util.ArrayDeque;
  import java.util.Deque;
  
  import static io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2CodecUtil.DEFAULT_MIN_ALLOCATION_CHUNK;
  import static io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2CodecUtil.streamableBytes;
  import static io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2Error.INTERNAL_ERROR;
  import static io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2Exception.connectionError;
  import static io.netty.util.internal.ObjectUtil.checkNotNull;
  import static io.netty.util.internal.ObjectUtil.checkPositive;
  import static java.lang.Math.max;
  import static java.lang.Math.min;
  
  /**
   * A {@link StreamByteDistributor} that ignores stream priority and uniformly allocates bytes to all
   * streams. This class uses a minimum chunk size that will be allocated to each stream. While
   * fewer streams may be written to in each call to {@link #distribute(int, Writer)}, doing this
   * should improve the goodput on each written stream.
   */
  public final class UniformStreamByteDistributor implements StreamByteDistributor {
      private final Http2Connection.PropertyKey stateKey;
      private final Deque<State> queue = new ArrayDeque<State>(4);
  
      /**
       * The minimum number of bytes that we will attempt to allocate to a stream. This is to
       * help improve goodput on a per-stream basis.
       */
      private int minAllocationChunk = DEFAULT_MIN_ALLOCATION_CHUNK;
      private long totalStreamableBytes;
  
      public UniformStreamByteDistributor(Http2Connection connection) {
          // Add a state for the connection.
          stateKey = connection.newKey();
          Http2Stream connectionStream = connection.connectionStream();
          connectionStream.setProperty(stateKey, new State(connectionStream));
  
          // Register for notification of new streams.
          connection.addListener(new Http2ConnectionAdapter() {
              @Override
              public void onStreamAdded(Http2Stream stream) {
                  stream.setProperty(stateKey, new State(stream));
              }
  
              @Override
              public void onStreamClosed(Http2Stream stream) {
                  state(stream).close();
              }
          });
      }
  
      /**
       * Sets the minimum allocation chunk that will be allocated to each stream. Defaults to 1KiB.
       *
       * @param minAllocationChunk the minimum number of bytes that will be allocated to each stream.
       * Must be > 0.
       */
      public void minAllocationChunk(int minAllocationChunk) {
          checkPositive(minAllocationChunk, "minAllocationChunk");
          this.minAllocationChunk = minAllocationChunk;
      }
  
      @Override
      public void updateStreamableBytes(StreamState streamState) {
          state(streamState.stream()).updateStreamableBytes(streamableBytes(streamState),
                                                            streamState.hasFrame(),
                                                            streamState.windowSize());
      }
  
      @Override
      public void updateDependencyTree(int childStreamId, int parentStreamId, short weight, boolean exclusive) {
          // This class ignores priority and dependency!
      }
  
      @Override
      public boolean distribute(int maxBytes, Writer writer) throws Http2Exception {
          final int size = queue.size();
          if (size == 0) {
              return totalStreamableBytes > 0;
          }
  
          final int chunkSize = max(minAllocationChunk, maxBytes / size);
  
          State state = queue.pollFirst();
          do {
             state.enqueued = false;
             if (state.windowNegative) {
                 continue;
             }
             if (maxBytes == 0 && state.streamableBytes > 0) {
                 // Stop at the first state that can't send. Add this state back to the head of the queue. Note
                 // that empty frames at the head of the queue will always be written, assuming the stream window
                 // is not negative.
                 queue.addFirst(state);
                 state.enqueued = true;
                 break;
             }
 
             // Allocate as much data as we can for this stream.
             int chunk = min(chunkSize, min(maxBytes, state.streamableBytes));
             maxBytes -= chunk;
 
             // Write the allocated bytes and enqueue as necessary.
             state.write(chunk, writer);
         } while ((state = queue.pollFirst()) != null);
 
         return totalStreamableBytes > 0;
     }
 
     private State state(Http2Stream stream) {
         return checkNotNull(stream, "stream").getProperty(stateKey);
     }
 
     /**
      * The remote flow control state for a single stream.
      */
     private final class State {
         final Http2Stream stream;
         int streamableBytes;
         boolean windowNegative;
         boolean enqueued;
         boolean writing;
 
         State(Http2Stream stream) {
             this.stream = stream;
         }
 
         void updateStreamableBytes(int newStreamableBytes, boolean hasFrame, int windowSize) {
             assert hasFrame || newStreamableBytes == 0 :
                 "hasFrame: " + hasFrame + " newStreamableBytes: " + newStreamableBytes;
 
             int delta = newStreamableBytes - streamableBytes;
             if (delta != 0) {
                 streamableBytes = newStreamableBytes;
                 totalStreamableBytes += delta;
             }
             // In addition to only enqueuing state when they have frames we enforce the following restrictions:
             // 1. If the window has gone negative. We never want to queue a state. However we also don't want to
             //    Immediately remove the item if it is already queued because removal from deque is O(n). So
             //    we allow it to stay queued and rely on the distribution loop to remove this state.
             // 2. If the window is zero we only want to queue if we are not writing. If we are writing that means
             //    we gave the state a chance to write zero length frames. We wait until updateStreamableBytes is
             //    called again before this state is allowed to write.
             windowNegative = windowSize < 0;
             if (hasFrame && (windowSize > 0 || windowSize == 0 && !writing)) {
                 addToQueue();
             }
         }
 
         /**
          * Write any allocated bytes for the given stream and updates the streamable bytes,
          * assuming all of the bytes will be written.
          */
         void write(int numBytes, Writer writer) throws Http2Exception {
             writing = true;
             try {
                 // Write the allocated bytes.
                 writer.write(stream, numBytes);
             } catch (Throwable t) {
                 throw connectionError(INTERNAL_ERROR, t, "byte distribution write error");
             } finally {
                 writing = false;
             }
         }
 
         void addToQueue() {
             if (!enqueued) {
                 enqueued = true;
                 queue.addLast(this);
             }
         }
 
         void removeFromQueue() {
             if (enqueued) {
                 enqueued = false;
                 queue.remove(this);
             }
         }
 
         void close() {
             // Remove this state from the queue.
             removeFromQueue();
 
             // Clear the streamable bytes.
             updateStreamableBytes(0, false, 0);
         }
     }
 }