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1   /*
2    * Copyright 2016 The Netty Project
3    *
4    * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License, version 2.0 (the
5    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a
6    * copy of the License at:
7    *
8    * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9    *
10   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License
11   * is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
12   * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
13   * the License.
14   */
15  
16  package io.netty.example.http2.helloworld.frame.server;
17  
18  import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
19  import io.netty.buffer.ByteBufUtil;
20  import io.netty.channel.ChannelDuplexHandler;
21  import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler.Sharable;
22  import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
23  import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.DefaultHttp2DataFrame;
24  import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.DefaultHttp2Headers;
25  import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.DefaultHttp2HeadersFrame;
26  import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.DefaultHttp2WindowUpdateFrame;
27  import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2DataFrame;
28  import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2FrameStream;
29  import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2Headers;
30  import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2HeadersFrame;
31  import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
32  
33  import static io.netty.buffer.Unpooled.copiedBuffer;
34  import static io.netty.buffer.Unpooled.unreleasableBuffer;
35  import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.OK;
36  
37  /**
38   * A simple handler that responds with the message "Hello World!" using "frame codec" http2 API.
39   */
40  @Sharable
41  public class HelloWorldHttp2Handler extends ChannelDuplexHandler {
42  
43      static final ByteBuf RESPONSE_BYTES = unreleasableBuffer(
44              copiedBuffer("Hello World", CharsetUtil.UTF_8)).asReadOnly();
45  
46      @Override
47      public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
48          super.exceptionCaught(ctx, cause);
49          cause.printStackTrace();
50          ctx.close();
51      }
52  
53      @Override
54      public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
55          if (msg instanceof Http2HeadersFrame) {
56              onHeadersRead(ctx, (Http2HeadersFrame) msg);
57          } else if (msg instanceof Http2DataFrame) {
58              onDataRead(ctx, (Http2DataFrame) msg);
59          } else {
60              super.channelRead(ctx, msg);
61          }
62      }
63  
64      @Override
65      public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
66          ctx.flush();
67      }
68  
69      /**
70       * If receive a frame with end-of-stream set, send a pre-canned response.
71       */
72      private static void onDataRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Http2DataFrame data) throws Exception {
73          Http2FrameStream stream = data.stream();
74  
75          if (data.isEndStream()) {
76              sendResponse(ctx, stream, data.content());
77          } else {
78              // We do not send back the response to the remote-peer, so we need to release it.
79              data.release();
80          }
81  
82          // Update the flowcontroller
83          ctx.write(new DefaultHttp2WindowUpdateFrame(data.initialFlowControlledBytes()).stream(stream));
84      }
85  
86      /**
87       * If receive a frame with end-of-stream set, send a pre-canned response.
88       */
89      private static void onHeadersRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Http2HeadersFrame headers)
90              throws Exception {
91          if (headers.isEndStream()) {
92              ByteBuf content = ctx.alloc().buffer();
93              content.writeBytes(RESPONSE_BYTES.duplicate());
94              ByteBufUtil.writeAscii(content, " - via HTTP/2");
95              sendResponse(ctx, headers.stream(), content);
96          }
97      }
98  
99      /**
100      * Sends a "Hello World" DATA frame to the client.
101      */
102     private static void sendResponse(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Http2FrameStream stream, ByteBuf payload) {
103         // Send a frame for the response status
104         Http2Headers headers = new DefaultHttp2Headers().status(OK.codeAsText());
105         ctx.write(new DefaultHttp2HeadersFrame(headers).stream(stream));
106         ctx.write(new DefaultHttp2DataFrame(payload, true).stream(stream));
107     }
108 }